Timeline: Edward Perrin: Steven's Genealogy

Steven's Genealogy
Willingale, Wright, Savill, Murrell, Burles, Bradd, Galley, Stein & Stebbing Family Names

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Abt 1759 - 1823 (~ 64 years)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1755	1755—1827: Canal construction began Period of canal construction began in Britain (till 1827)
2	1759	1759: Methodist chapels Wesley builds 356 Methodist chapels 15 Jan 1759: British Museum British Museum opens to the public in London 16 Oct 1759: Third Eddystone Lighthouse Third Eddystone Lighthouse (John Smeaton's) completed
3	1760	1760: Carron Iron Works Carron Iron Works in operation in Scotland 5 May 1760: First use of hangman's drop First use of hangman's drop 25 Oct 1760: George II dies George II dies - George III Hanover, his grandson, becomes king. The date conventionally marks the start of the so-called first Industrial Revolution'
4	1761	16 Jan 1761: British capture Pondicherry British capture Pondicherry, India from the French
5	1762	1762: Cigars introduced Cigars introduced into Britain from Cuba
6	1763	10 Feb 1763: Treaty of Paris Treaty of Paris - The Treaty of Paris, also known as the Peace of Paris and the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, after Britain's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War.
7	1764	1764: Lloyd's Register of shipping Lloyd's Register of shipping first prepared 1764: Practice of numbering houses Practice of numbering houses introduced to London 1764: James Hargeaves James Hargeaves invents the Spinning Jenny. The device reduced the amount of work needed to produce yarn. 1764: Mozart Mozart produces his first symphony at age eight
8	1765	1765: The potato The potato becomes the most popular food in Europe 22 Mar 1765: Stamp Act passed Stamp Act passed - imposed a tax on publications and legal documents in the American colonies (repealed the following year)
9	1766	1766: National records on rainfall start Start of 'composite' national records on rainfall in the UK 5 Dec 1766: Christie's auction house Christie's auction house founded in London by James Christie
10	1767	1767: James Watt Newcomen's steam pumping engine perfected by James Watt
11	1768	9 Jan 1768: Philip Astley starts his circus Philip Astley starts his circus in London 6 Dec 1768: Encyclopaedia Britannica The first edition of the 'Encyclopaedia Britannica' published in Edinburgh by William Smellie
12	1769	1769: Arkwright invents water frame Arkwright invents water frame (textile production) 1769: New Zealand Capt James Cook maps the coast of New Zealand 6 Sep 1769: First Shakespeare festival David Garrick organises first Shakespeare festival at Stratford-upon-Avon
13	1770	1770: Clyde Trust Clyde Trust created to convert the River Clyde, then an insignificant river, into a major thoroughfare for maritime communications 28 Apr 1770: Botany Bay Capt James Cook lands in Australia (Botany Bay) ? Aug 21: formally claims Australia for Britain
14	1771	1771: Right to report Parliamentary debates Right to report Parliamentary debates established in England
15	1772	1772: First Travellers' Cheques First Travellers' Cheques issued by the London Credit Exchange Company 1772: Morning Post first published 'Morning Post' first published (until 1937) 14 May 1772: Judge Mansfield Judge Mansfield rules that there is no legal basis for slavery in England
16	1774	13 Sep 1774: Easter Island Cook arrives on Easter Island
17	1775	19 Apr 1775: Battle of Lexington Battle of Lexington: first action in American War of Independence (1775- 1783)
18	1776	1776: Somerset House Somerset House in London becomes the repository of records of population 1776: First commercial steam engine Watt and Boulton produce their first commercial steam engine 4 Jul 1776: American Declaration of Independence American Declaration of Independence 7 Sep 1776: First submarine attack First attack on a warship by a submarine - David Bushnell's 'Turtle' attacked HMS Eagle in New York harbour. The attack was perhaps spectacular (a charge did detonate beneath the ship) but was nevertheless unsuccessful. 'Turtle' was a one man - man-powered affair
19	1777	1777: Circular saw Samuel Miller of Southampton patents the circular saw.
20	1779	1779: Marc Isambard Brunel Marc Isambard Brunel opens the first steamdriven sawmill at Chatham Dockyard in Kent 1779: First iron bridge built First iron bridge built, over the Severn by John Wilkinson 1779: First Spinning Mills First Spinning Mills operational in Scotland 14 Feb 1779: Capt James Cook Capt James Cook killed on Hawaii 23 Sep 1779: Naval engagement between Britain and USA Naval engagement between Britain and USA off Flamborough Head
21	1780	1780: Male Servants Tax Male Servants Tax 1780: English Reform Movement The English Reform Movement - until now, only landowners and tenants (freeholders with 40 shillings per year or more) allowed to vote, and in open poll books 1780: Quiz About this time the word 'Quiz' entered the language, said to have been invented as a wager by Mr Daly, a Dublin theatre manager 4 May 1780: The Derby First Derby run at Epsom (some say 2nd June) 2 Jun 1780—8 Jun 1780: The Gordon Riots The Gordon Riots - Parliament passes a Roman Catholic relief measure and for days, London is at the mercy of a mob and destruction is widespread
22	1782	1782: The Relief of the Poor Act 1782 Thomas Gilbert's Act establishes outdoor poor relief - the way of life of the poor beginning to alter due to industrialisation - New factories in rapidly expanding towns required a workforce that would adjust to new work patterns 1782: James Watt patents his steam engine James Watt patents his steam engine
23	1783	1783: Parish Register Duty payable on Parish Register entries (3d per entry - repealed 1794) - led to a fall in entries! 3 Nov 1783: Public execution Last public execution at Tyburn in London (John Austin, a highwayman)
24	1784	1784: Pitt's India Act Pitt's India Act - the Crown (as opposed to officers of the East India Company) has power to guide Indian politics 1784: Wesley Wesley breaks with the Church of England 1784: St Andrews First golf club founded at St Andrews 1784: Threshing Machine Invention of threshing machine by Andrew Meikle 2 Aug 1784: 1st Mail Coaches First mail coaches in England (4pm Bristol / 8am London)
25	1785	1785: Sunday School Society founded Sunday School Society founded to educate poor children (by 1851, enrols more than 2 million) 1 Jan 1785: The Times John Walter publishes first edition of The Times (called The Daily Universal Register for 3 years)
26	1787	1787: Marylebone Cricket Club MCC (Marylebone Cricket Club) established at Thomas Lord's ground in London
27	1788	1788: 1st Steamboat First steamboat demonstrated in Scotland 1788: Chimney Sweepers Law passed requiring that chimney sweepers be a minimum of 8 years old (not enforced) 1788: First slave carrying act First slave carrying act, the Dolben Act of 1788, regulates the slave trade - stipulates more humane conditions on slave ships 1788: Regency Crisis King George III's mental illness occasions the Regency Crisis - Edmund Burke and Charles James Fox attack ministry of William Pitt - trying to obtain full regal powers for the Prince of Wales 1788: Gibbon completes 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire' Gibbon completes 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire' 26 Jan 1788: First convicts arrive in New South Wales First convicts (and free settlers) arrive in New South Wales (left Portsmouth 13 May 1787) ? the 'First Fleet'; eleven ships commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip
28	1789	28 Apr 1789: Mutiny on HMS Bounty Mutiny on HMS Bounty - Captain William Bligh and 18 sailors are set adrift and the rebel crew ends up on Pitcairn Island
29	1790	1790: Forth and Clyde Canal opened Forth and Clyde Canal opened in Scotland
30	1791	1791: John Bell, printer, abandons the long 's' John Bell, printer, abandons the long 's' (the 's' that looks like an 'f') 1791: Establishment of the Ordnance Survey Establishment of the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain 4 Dec 1791: First publication of The Observer First publication of The Observer - world's oldest Sunday newspaper
31	1792	1792: Repression in Britain Repression in Britain (restrictions on freedom of the press) - Fox gets Libel Act through Parliament, requiring a jury and not a judge to determine libel 1792: Boyle's Street Directory Boyle's Street Directory published 1792: Coal-gas lighting invented Coal-gas lighting invented by William Murdock, an Ayrshire Scot 1 Oct 1792: Introduction of Money Orders Introduction of Money Orders in Britain 1 Dec 1792: King's Proclamation King's Proclamation drawing out the British militia
32	1793	11 Feb 1793: Britain-French war Britain declares war on France (1793-1802) 15 Apr 1793: £5 notes issued £5 notes first issued by the Bank of England
33	1794	1794: Abolition of Parish Register duties Abolition of Parish Register duties 6 Oct 1794: Lord Justice Eyre The prosecutor for Britain, Lord Justice Eyre, charges reformers with High Treason - he argued that, since reform of parliament would lead to revolution and revolution to executing the King, the desire for reform endangered the King's life and was therefore treasonous
34	1795	1795: The Famine Year The Famine Year 1795: Foundation of the Orange Order Foundation of the Orange Order 1795: Speenhamland Act Speenhamland Act proclaims that the Parish is responsible for bringing up the labourer's wage to subsistence level - towards the end of the eighteenth century, the number of poor and unemployed increased dramatically - price increases during the Napoleonic Wars (1793-1815) far outstripped wage rises - many small farmers were bankrupted by the move towards enclosures and became landless labourers - their wages were often pitifully low 1795: The Gagging Acts Pitt and Grenville introduce 'The Gagging Acts' or 'Two Bills' (the Seditious Meetings and Treasonable Practices Bills) - outlawed the mass meeting and the political lecture. 1795: Consumption of lime juice Consumption of lime juice made compulsory in Royal Navy
35	1796	1796: Pitt's Reign of Terror Pitt's 'Reign of Terror': More treason trials - leading radicals emigrate 1796: Legacy Tax Legacy Tax on sums over £20 excluding those to wives, children, parents and grandparents 14 May 1796: Smallpox Dr Edward Jenner gave first vaccination for smallpox in England
36	1797	1797: Bank of England suspends cash payments England in Crisis, Bank of England suspends cash payments 1797: Mutinies in the Roayl Navy Mutinies in the Roayl Navy at Spithead and Nore 1797: Tax on newspapers increased Tax on newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical publications 1797: First copper pennies The first copper pennies were produced ('cartwheels') by application of steam power to the coining press 22 Feb 1797: French invade Fishguard French invade Fishguard, Wales; last time UK invaded; all the French were captured 2 days later 26 Feb 1797: First £1 notes First £1 (and £2) notes issued by Bank of England
37	1798	1798: Vaccination First planned human experiment with vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner Feb 1798: The Irish Rebellion The Irish Rebellion; 100,000 peasants revolt; approximately 25,000 die - Irish Parliament abolished (Feb-Oct) 1 Aug 1798: Battle of the Nile Battle of the Nile (won by Nelson)
38	1799	1799: Royal Military College Sandhurst Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York 1799: Foundation of the Royal Institution The Royal Institution was founded in 1799 by the leading British scientists of the age, including Henry Cavendish and its first president, George Finch, the 9th Earl of Winchilsea, for "diffusing the knowledge, and facilitating the general introduction, of useful mechanical inventions and improvements; and for teaching, by courses of philosophical lectures and experiments, the application of science to the common purposes of life." 9 Jan 1799: Income tax Pitt brings in 10% income tax, as a wartime financial measure 12 Jul 1799: Combination Laws 'Combination Laws' in Britain against political associations and combinations 15 Jul 1799: Rosetta Stone 'Rosetta Stone' discovered in Egypt made possible the deciphering (in 1822) of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics
39	1800	1800: First electric light produced by Sir Humphrey Davy 1800: Richard Trevithick Use of high pressure steam pioneered by Richard Trevithick (1771-1833) 1800: Royal College of Surgeons Royal College of Surgeons founded 1800: Infra-red light discovered Herschel discovers infra-red light 1800: first electrical battery Volta makes first electrical battery 2 Jul 1800: union of Great Britain and Ireland Parliamentary union of Great Britain and Ireland
40	1801	1801: Grand Union Canal Grand Union Canal opens in England 1801: Elgin Marbles Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London 1 Jan 1801: Union Jack Union Jack becomes the official British flag 10 Mar 1801: First census First census puts the population of England and Wales at 9,168,000. Population of Britain nearly 11 million (75% rural) 24 Dec 1801: First self-propelled passenger carrying road loco Richard Trevithick built the first self-propelled passenger carrying road loco
41	1802	25 Mar 1802: Treaty of Amiens Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands. The 'Peace of Amiens' as it was known brought a temporary peace of 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars one of its most important cultural effects was that travel and correspondence across the English Channel became possible again
42	1803	1803: Poaching Poaching made a Capital offense in England if capture resisted 1803: Richard Trevithick Richard Trevithick built another steam carriage and ran it in London as the first self-propelled vehicle in the capital and the first London bus 1803: Semaphore signaling Semaphore signaling perfected by Admiral Popham 30 Apr 1803: Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon sells French possessions in America to United States 12 May 1803: Napoleonic Wars Peace of Amiens ends - resumption of war with France - The Napoleonic Wars (1803-18l5) 23 Jul 1803: First public railway opens First public railway opens (Surrey Iron Railway, 9 miles from Wandsworth to Croydon, horse-drawn)
43	1804	1804: Australia Matthew Flinders recommends that the newly discovered country, New Holland, be renamed 'Australia' 21 Feb 1804: Penydarren Railway Richard Trevithick runs his railway engine on the Penydarren Railway (9.5 miles from Pen-y-Darren to Abercynon in South Wales) this hauled a train with 10 tons of iron and 70 passengers. It was commemorated by the Royal Mint in 2004 in the form of a £2 coin. 3 Mar 1804: The Royal Horticultural Society John Wedgwood (eldest son of the potter Josiah Wedgwood) founds The Royal Horticultural Society 2 Dec 1804: Napoleon Napoleon declares himself Emperor of the French 12 Dec 1804: Spain declares war Spain declares war on Britain
44	1805	1805: London docks opened The London docks were constructed in Wapping downstream from the City of London between 1799 and 1815, at a cost exceeding £5½ million 21 Oct 1805: Battle of Trafalgar Admiral Nelson's victory at Trafalgar 2 Dec 1805: Battle of Austerlitz Battle of Austerlitz; Napoleon defeats Austrians and Russians
45	1806	1806: Dartmoor Prison opened Dartmoor Prison opened (built by French prisoners) 9 Jan 1806: Nelson buried Nelson buried in St Paul's cathedral, London
46	1807	25 Mar 1807: Act prohibiting slavery Parliament passes Act prohibiting slavery and the importation of slaves from 1808, but does not prohibit colonial slavery
47	1808	1808: Gas lighting Gas lighting in London streets 13 Jul 1808: Hot Wednesday 'Hot Wednesday' - temperature of 101F in the shade recorded in London 20 Dec 1808: Beethoven Beethoven premieres his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto and Choral Fantasy together in Vienna
48	1809	12 Feb 1809: Charles Darwin Birth of Charles Darwin 18 Sep 1809: Royal Opera House Royal Opera House opens in London
49	1810	1810: John McAdam John McAdam begins road construction in England, giving his name to the process of road metalling
50	1811	5 Feb 1811: Prince of Wales Prince of Wales (future George IV) made Regent after George III deemed insane
51	1812	11 May 1812: Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, assassinated Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, assassinated ? shot as he entered the House of Commons by a bankrupt Liverpool broker, John Bellingham, who was subsequently hanged 18 Jun 1812: Start of American 'War of 1812' Start of American 'War of 1812' (to 1814) against England and Canada Oct 1812: Napoleon retreats Napoleon retreats from Moscow with catastrophic losses
52	1813	1813: First recorded '12th of July' sectarian riots in Belfast Ireland: First recorded '12th of July' sectarian riots in Belfast 1813: Jane Austen wrote 'Pride and Prejudice' Jane Austen wrote 'Pride and Prejudice'
53	1814	1 Jan 1814: Invasion of France Invasion of France by Allies 6 Apr 1814: Napoleon abdicates Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to Elba 13 Aug 1814: Convention of London signed Convention of London signed, a treaty between the UK and the Dutch 24 Aug 1814: The British burn the White House The British burn the White House 29 Nov 1814: The Times printed by a mechanical apparatus 'The Times' first printed by a 'mechanical apparatus' (at 1100 sheets per hour)
54	1815	1815: Trial by Jury established in Scotland Trial by Jury established in Scotland 1815: Davy safety lamp Davy develops the safety lamp for miners 18 Jun 1815: The Battle of Waterloo The Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon defeated and exiled to St. Helena
55	1816	1816: Income tax abolished Income tax abolished 1816: Silver coins For the first time British silver coins were produced with an intrinsic value substantially below their face value - the first official 'token' coinage 1816: year without a summer Climate: the 'year without a summer' - followed a volcanic explosion of the mountain 'Tambora' in Indonesia the previous year the biggest volcanic explosion in 10000 years 1816: Large scale emigration to North America Large scale emigration to North America, Trans-Atlantic packet service begins
56	1817	1817: March of the Manchester Blanketeers March of the Manchester Blanketeers; Habeas Corpus suspended 1817: Constable painted 'Flatford Mill' Constable painted 'Flatford Mill'
57	1818	1818: Manchester cotton spinners' strike Manchester cotton spinners' strike 20 Oct 1818: 'Convention of 1818' 'Convention of 1818' signed between the United States and the United Kingdom which, among other things, settled the US-Canada border on the 49th parallel for most of its length
58	1819	1819: the Dandy Horse becomes popular Primitive bicycle, the Dandy Horse, becomes popular 1819: Britain returns to gold standard Britain returns to gold standard 1819: Singapore founded Singapore founded by Sir Stamford Raffles May 1819: SS 'Savannah' SS 'Savannah' first steamship to cross Atlantic reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819. Voyage used both sail & steam 16 Aug 1819: Peterloo Massacre at Manchester Peterloo Massacre at Manchester, a large, orderly group of 60,000 meets at St. Peter's Fields, Manchester and demand Parliamentary Reform. Mounted troops charge on the meeting, killing 11 people and and maiming many others.
59	1820	1820: Cato Street Conspiracy Cato Street Conspiracy - plot to assissinate British cabinet 1820: Spanish Inquisition Abolition of the Spanish Inquisition 29 Jan 1820: George IV Accession of George IV, previously Prince Regent 1 Aug 1820: Regent's Canal opens Regent's Canal in London opens 17 Aug 1820: Queen Caroline Trial of Queen Caroline to prove her infidelities so George IV can divorce her - George tries to secure a Bill of Pains and Penalties against her -Caroline is virtually acquitted because bill passed by such a small majority of Lords
60	1821	1821: Principles of electro-magnetic rotation Faraday publishes 'Principles of electro-magnetic rotation' 1821: The Hay Wain Constable paints 'The Hay Wain' 5 May 1821: Death of Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte dies on St Helena
61	1822	14 Jun 1822: Charles Babbage Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
62	1823	1823: Peel begins penal reforms Peel begins penal reforms - death penalty abolished for over 100 crimes 1823: Rugby Football Rugby Football 'invented' at Rugby School 1823: MacIntosh Rubberised waterproof material produced by MacIntosh 2 Dec 1823: US President James Monroe US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts (the 'Monroe Doctrine')